Demos

Bills before Parliament

What each bill does, in plain language. Both sides of the debate where there has been one.

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Ordered by the most recent activity in Parliament. Demos does not rank bills by importance. Showing 24 of 137.

Bill C-268 3rd reading · Commons

Spectrum Policy Framework for Canada Act

This bill would establish a formal policy framework governing how Canada manages and allocates its radio spectrum — the invisible airwaves used for wireless communications like cell phones, Wi-Fi, and broadcasting.

What it means for you

Canadians could see clearer rules guiding how wireless airwaves are managed, potentially affecting competition among telecom companies, rural connectivity, and the cost of wireless services.

EconomicGovernance
The debate · 3 points

Supporters say

  • Current mobile coverage maps rely on data provided directly by telecom companies and don't account for signal strength or real-world reliability, leaving Canadians with a false picture of where service actually exists.
  • The spectrum policy framework guiding how wireless frequencies are allocated in Canada has not been updated since 2007, when smartphones were rare — it needs modernizing to reflect how Canadians live and work today.
  • when someone is in a car accident or emergency in an area with no signal, they cannot reach help, making reliable coverage a life-or-death issue.

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Bill C-10 3rd reading · Senate

Commissioner for Modern Treaty Implementation Act

Creates an independent Commissioner for Modern Treaty Implementation — an officer of Parliament who monitors whether the federal government is fulfilling its obligations under modern treaties and self-government agreements with Indigenous nations.

What it means for you

Indigenous nations with modern treaties would have an independent watchdog holding Ottawa accountable for promises made. The Commissioner can investigate complaints, issue reports, and make recommendations to Parliament.

GovernanceReconciliation
The debate · 6 points

Supporters say

  • Modern treaty nations have long complained that Ottawa signs agreements and then fails to implement them. An independent Commissioner provides a permanent, non-partisan accountability mechanism.
  • Canada has a constitutional duty to honour its treaties. This bill ensures that duty is monitored by an officer of Parliament, not just by the government checking its own homework.
  • Rather than symbolic gestures, this creates a concrete institutional change — moving reconciliation from words to enforceable accountability.

Critics say

  • The Commissioner can only investigate and recommend — not compel action. Without enforcement powers, this could become another toothless oversight body.
  • The office only covers modern treaties (post-1975), excluding the vast majority of First Nations who are under historical treaties and face similar implementation failures.
  • Canada already has multiple oversight bodies touching on Indigenous issues — Auditor General, Parliamentary Budget Officer, Human Rights Commission. Another office may add complexity without results.
Bill S-7 2nd reading · Senate

Cutting Red Tape for All Canadians Act

Updates rules and paperwork requirements across dozens of federal laws — covering farming, food safety, environment, transport, and trade — to reduce administrative burden and allow more use of electronic systems.

What it means for you

Farmers, businesses, and regulators would deal with less paperwork and fewer outdated rules, making it easier and cheaper to comply with federal regulations.

EconomicGovernanceEnvironmental
The debate · 3 points

Supporters say

  • The bill would cut red tape so Canadians spend less time on paperwork, with clearer and more efficient rules and regulations.
  • Fewer barriers and faster government services would help Canadian businesses compete and grow in a changing global economy.
  • The bill would reduce red tape in agriculture by amending the Fertilizers Act, the Seeds Act, and the Feeds Act, addressing long-standing concerns from farming communities.

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Bill S-216 Report stage · Senate

Chignecto Isthmus Dykeland System Act

This bill declares the Chignecto Isthmus Dykeland System — a network of dikes and infrastructure connecting New Brunswick and Nova Scotia — to be a work for the 'general advantage of Canada,' making it a federal responsibility.

What it means for you

By making this dike system a federal responsibility, the bill aims to unlock federal funding to protect the land connection between New Brunswick and Nova Scotia from flooding and sea-level rise.

EconomicGovernanceEnvironmental
No debate summary yet — we'll add the for/against once this bill is debated.
Bill S-245 In committee · Senate

National Blanket Ceremony Day Act

This bill would establish a National Blanket Ceremony Day in Canada to recognize and honour Indigenous peoples and promote understanding of the impacts of colonization.

What it means for you

Once a year, Canadians would be invited to participate in or learn about the Blanket Ceremony, a teaching tool used to help people understand the history of Indigenous land loss and colonial policies.

GovernanceIdentityReconciliation
No debate summary yet — we'll add the for/against once this bill is debated.
Bill S-5 2nd reading · Commons

Connected Care for Canadians Act

Bill S-5 creates a federal framework requiring health technology companies to share patient data across different systems and prohibits them from deliberately blocking that data sharing.

What it means for you

Your health records could follow you wherever you receive care in Canada, so doctors always have the information they need to treat you — no more repeated forms or missing test results.

EconomicGovernance
The debate · 6 points

Supporters say

  • Patients and doctors often cannot access or share health records across providers, clinics, and provinces. The bill would set national rules so records can move with patients, reducing delays and errors in care.
  • Doctors spend too much time on paperwork and faxing. A national interoperability framework would let electronic records connect, freeing time for patient care.
  • Common national data standards would give technology vendors one set of rules instead of different requirements in each province, lowering costs and making it easier to build systems that work across Canada.

Critics say

  • The federal government's previous digital health program, PrescribeIT, was shut down after low uptake and high costs. Critics worry that Canada Health Infoway, which ran it, is being given a role in this bill without enough accountability for past problems.
  • Critics want the committee to finish its ongoing study of PrescribeIT before moving ahead with a new national digital health project, arguing that Parliament should resolve past failures first.
  • Some critics question whether a national model fits with provincial systems, such as Alberta's Connect Care, which already involves large public investment. They ask how the bill would work alongside existing provincial programs.
Bill C-31 Report stage · Commons

Budget 2025 Implementation Act, No. 2

Implements the second set of measures from Canada's November 2025 federal budget, covering a wide range of policy changes across defence procurement, transportation, and other areas in a 330+ page omnibus bill.

What it means for you

This bill would change how the government spends money and runs programs in several areas — from how military equipment is purchased to how air travel complaints are handled — but most Canadians won't feel direct effects right away.

EconomicGovernance
The debate · 6 points

Supporters say

  • Automatic federal benefits would help people receive benefits they are entitled to, even if they have not filed a tax return.
  • A temporary immediate expensing rule (the productivity superdeduction) would let businesses write off new manufacturing and processing buildings faster, which supporters say will encourage investment and create jobs.
  • The bill would limit tax deferral through multi-tiered corporate structures, require certain crypto platforms to report user transactions, and implement the undertaxed profits rule under the global minimum tax framework.

Critics say

  • Removing mandatory 15-year re-evaluations of pesticides would weaken oversight. Critics say the replacement assessments rely only on existing information, do not require new data gathering, and lack the public consultation and published reasons that re-evaluations require.
  • The bill gives cabinet and ministers broad discretionary powers, including the ability to approve pesticides that regulators rejected, take over corporations, and override other laws. Critics say this reduces democratic and scientific oversight.
  • The new defence investment rules include many exclusions from competitive bidding and allow ministers to justify exemptions. Critics warn this increases the risk of favouritism and sole-sourcing, and adds bureaucracy without getting equipment to the armed forces faster.
Bill C-41 2nd reading · Commons

Medical Assistance in Dying Safeguards Act

Allows doctors and nurse practitioners to provide medical assistance in dying to a person who has lost the capacity to consent, if that person made an advance request while capable and the province has a legislative regime for storing and managing those requests. Keeps mental illness excluded as a basis for eligibility for medical assistance in dying.

What it means for you

People with a serious, incurable illness could arrange in advance to receive medical assistance in dying if they later lose the ability to decide, but only in provinces with a storage regime for these requests. Those whose only underlying condition is a mental illness would still not be eligible.

Governance
The debate · 6 points

Supporters say

  • Allowing adults with an incurable illness to request medical assistance in dying in advance would let them make decisions about their care while they can still make them, subject to strict safeguards.
  • The two measures in the bill are linked. The rule that mental illness alone cannot be the basis for an advance request is part of the same framework, so keeping them together makes the system consistent.
  • The bill deals with one subject, medical assistance in dying, and amends only the Criminal Code and related laws. A single vote at second reading is therefore appropriate.

Critics say

  • Stopping medical assistance in dying for mental illness alone and allowing advance requests are separate policy questions. MPs should be able to vote on each one separately.
  • A single vote forces MPs who support one measure but oppose the other into an all-or-nothing choice.
  • Because the subject touches deeply held personal and moral convictions, critics argue the bill deserves special treatment in the process, as earlier medical assistance in dying laws received.
Bill C-235 2nd reading · Senate

Respecting Families of Murdered and Brutalized Persons Act

This bill would increase the minimum period a person must serve in prison before becoming eligible for parole after being convicted of certain serious crimes, such as the murder and sexual assault of the same victim.

What it means for you

If someone murders and sexually assaults the same person, they would have to wait longer in prison before they could apply for early release, giving victims' families more time before facing parole hearings.

Governance
The debate · 6 points

Supporters say

  • Families could face fewer parole hearings. Under current law, they may be required to attend a review every two years, sometimes for life. The bill would reduce these hearings and spare families from retelling the crimes.
  • Current practice lets prosecutors drop the abduction and sexual assault charges and proceed only on murder, so offenders are effectively sentenced for murder alone. The bill would recognize that three distinct crimes were committed.
  • The bill gives judges discretion rather than imposing mandatory sentences. It applies only when abduction, sexual assault and murder are committed against the same victim, is not retroactive, and caps extended parole ineligibility at 40 years, based on the combined consecutive maximums.

Critics say

  • Parole ineligibility beyond 25 years may violate the Charter's protection against cruel and unusual punishment. The Bissonnette decision struck down consecutive ineligibility periods, partly because they offered no realistic prospect of release.
  • Justice Department officials warned that any change to parole ineligibility would be closely scrutinized by the courts under the Charter.
  • Some say the bill is incomplete or legally unclear. Proposed amendments would add an offender right of appeal, confirm that the bill is not retroactive, and clarify its scope regarding offences under the military justice system.
Bill C-267 Report stage · Commons

National Framework on the Durability of Electronic Products and Essential Home Appliances Act

This bill would create a national framework to make electronic products and home appliances last longer, likely through durability standards, repairability requirements, or manufacturer obligations.

What it means for you

Canadians could expect their phones, appliances, and electronics to be built to last longer and be easier to repair, potentially saving money and reducing waste.

EconomicGovernanceEnvironmental
The debate · 6 points

Supporters say

  • Consumers spend heavily on appliances that break early. A national framework would target durability and repairability, which could save money and reduce waste.
  • The bill would set national minimum standards that provinces can build on, bringing consistency to the current patchwork of provincial laws.
  • Better access to replacement parts, repair information and software would let consumers and independent repairers choose lower-cost repairs. Supporters cite an analysis estimating savings of up to 30% on routine car repairs.

Critics say

  • The bill sets no concrete requirements. Its actual standards would come later, so consumers and businesses cannot yet judge its effects. Critics want specific durability and repair rules written into the law now.
  • Stronger durability requirements could raise upfront prices, which may hurt families on tight budgets. Some witnesses questioned whether the bill would drive up appliance costs.
  • The bill has no penalties or liability provisions, and it does not itself create enforceable repair rights. Critics say this makes compliance uncertain.
Bill C-269 Defeated

An Act to amend the Income Tax Act (heat recovery tax credit)

This bill would create a new tax credit for businesses or individuals who install heat recovery systems that capture and reuse waste heat from industrial or commercial processes.

What it means for you

Businesses investing in heat recovery technology would pay less tax, making it cheaper to adopt energy-efficient equipment that reduces energy costs and emissions.

EconomicGovernanceEnvironmental
The debate · 1 points

Critics say

  • The federal government already has a $400-million program, SHIFT, to improve energy efficiency in industrial facilities, so a separate tax credit for heat recovery equipment may be unnecessary.

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Bill C-295 Not yet scheduled

An Act to amend the Canada Pension Plan Investment Board Act (investments)

Requires the CPP Investment Board's investment policies to bar investments in any entity with reasons to believe it has committed human, labour or environmental rights violations, produced prohibited munitions, or directed certain corruption offences.

What it means for you

Canadians with CPP savings could see their pension fund exclude companies accused of human rights, labour, environmental or corruption violations. Whether this affects returns depends on how the board applies the test.

EconomicGovernanceEnvironmental
No debate summary yet — we'll add the for/against once this bill is debated.
Bill S-211 Report stage · Commons

National Framework on Sports Betting Advertising Act

This bill would create a national framework to regulate how sports betting is advertised across Canada, setting consistent rules for the industry.

What it means for you

Canadians would see changes to how sports betting ads are presented — potentially limiting who they target and what claims they can make.

EconomicGovernance
The debate · 6 points

Supporters say

  • Problem gambling among young men is rising, and many studies show it. A national framework would limit gambling advertising that reaches them.
  • Stronger rules could go further. One proposed amendment would move toward banning advertising for in-game bets, a fast-growing risk.
  • Clinical practice guidelines for preventing gambling harm would give the country a shared, health-based standard.

Critics say

  • A national framework can only encourage provinces to act. It cannot require them to, so it may not change practices on the ground.
  • Even strict advertising rules have often been poorly followed. Without strong enforcement, results may fall short.
  • The regulator may not have the capacity or resources to finish its review within the one-year deadline.
Bill S-234 3rd reading · Senate

National Framework on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Act

This bill would require the federal government to develop a national framework for addressing fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) — a lifelong condition caused by alcohol exposure before birth — covering prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and support services.

What it means for you

Canadians affected by FASD and their families could benefit from a more coordinated, country-wide approach to diagnosis and support, reducing the patchwork of services that currently varies by province.

EconomicGovernanceReconciliation
No debate summary yet — we'll add the for/against once this bill is debated.
Bill S-246 In committee · Commons

Wartime Service Recognition Act

Creates a national framework to formally recognize certain Canadian military service as 'wartime service,' with clear, objective criteria and a transparent government process for making that designation.

What it means for you

Veterans who served in modern conflicts — even without a formal declaration of war — could receive official symbolic and commemorative recognition of their wartime service, closing a long-standing gap in how Canada honours its military personnel.

GovernanceIdentity
The debate · 5 points

Supporters say

  • Canadian Armed Forces members who served in dangerous modern conflicts faced real risk and hardship, but have not always received the same formal recognition as those in earlier declared wars. This bill closes that gap.
  • By establishing objective criteria — such as level of risk, intensity of operations, and exposure to physical or psychological harm — the framework ensures recognition is based on the realities of service, not bureaucratic labels or politics.
  • The designation is a meaningful act of commemoration that doesn't change financial entitlements, so it fills a gap in honour and acknowledgment without creating new spending pressures.

Critics say

  • The government cautioned that the review and assessment process must be done carefully the first time, suggesting concern that rushing the framework could create inconsistencies or unmet expectations for current and future veterans.
  • No opposition arguments were found in the available Hansard transcript beyond calls for careful implementation.
Bill C-219 In committee · Senate

International Anti-Corruption and Human Rights Act (Sergei Magnitsky Law No. 3)

This bill would allow Canada to permanently seize frozen assets belonging to foreign governments or officials who violate human rights or commit acts of aggression — and use that money to support victims, such as Ukraine.

What it means for you

Canada holds about $23 billion in frozen Russian assets. This bill could let the government take those funds permanently and redirect them to help Ukraine defend itself and rebuild after Russia's invasion.

EconomicGovernanceIdentity
The debate · 5 points

Supporters say

  • Billions in frozen Russian assets are sitting idle in Canada while Ukraine is actively at war — seizing and redirecting them would give Ukraine real, meaningful support beyond just writing cheques from Canadian taxpayers.
  • Legal experts and human rights lawyers argue Canada already has the authority to forfeit these assets, and this bill provides the clear legal framework to do so.
  • Holding Russia financially accountable sends a strong message that countries cannot wage illegal wars of aggression without consequences — it turns frozen assets into a real cost for the aggressor.

Critics say

  • The government has not yet acted on seizing these assets, which critics say signals reluctance — possibly due to concerns about international legal precedent or diplomatic consequences.
  • Some worry that permanently confiscating state assets could set a precedent that other countries might use against Canadian assets abroad in future disputes.
Bill S-8 2nd reading · Senate

Combatting Financial Crimes and Drug Trafficking Act

Amends the Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act to add rules for virtual currency ATMs (record-keeping, identity verification, reporting, and a $1,000 daily limit), prohibit most third-party cash deposits, and allow certain reporting entities to collect personal information without consent when it comes from government or law enforcement for anti-money-laundering purposes. Part 2 amends the Canada Post Corporation Act to allow mail items to be demanded, seized, detained or retained under the Criminal Code, the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act, or the Cannabis Act.

What it means for you

Virtual currency ATM users would face identity checks and a $1,000 daily cap, and banks and other institutions could share and use your personal information with less notice to you. Mail sent through Canada Post could be seized or held by police in drug or criminal investigations.

Deep analysis
Governance
No debate summary yet — we'll add the for/against once this bill is debated.
Bill S-223 3rd reading · Senate

An Act to amend the Royal Canadian Mounted Police Act

This bill amends the Royal Canadian Mounted Police Act to require the RCMP to obtain free, prior, and informed consent from Indigenous communities before conducting certain operations or activities on their traditional lands.

What it means for you

Indigenous communities would gain a formal right to say yes or no before the RCMP carries out specific activities on their traditional territories, giving them greater control over policing on their lands.

GovernanceReconciliation
No debate summary yet — we'll add the for/against once this bill is debated.
Bill S-239 3rd reading · Senate

Canadian Prosperity Act

This bill would amend Canada's Competition Act to strengthen rules against anti-competitive behaviour, aiming to make markets fairer and more open for businesses and consumers.

What it means for you

Canadians could benefit from more competitive markets, potentially leading to lower prices and more choices for goods and services.

EconomicGovernance
The debate · 3 points

Supporters say

  • The Competition Bureau gaining a clearer mandate to study and report on internal trade barriers would institutionalize reform efforts, helping them outlast any single government or political moment.
  • Regulatory patchworks across provinces impose real economic costs—differing trucking rules alone add an estimated 8.3% to freight rates, a $1.6-billion drag on the Canadian economy.
  • Australia adopted a similar approach to empowering its competition regulator on internal trade and saw meaningful results, suggesting this model works in comparable federal systems.

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Bill S-214 2nd reading · Commons

An Act to amend the Special Economic Measures Act (disposal of foreign state assets)

This bill would change the law to allow the Canadian government to sell or transfer frozen assets belonging to foreign states — such as Russia — rather than just freezing them.

What it means for you

Canada could potentially use seized Russian government assets to help fund rebuilding efforts in countries like Ukraine, rather than leaving the money frozen indefinitely.

EconomicGovernanceIdentity
The debate · 2 points

Supporters say

  • Bill S-214 would let cabinet decide on asset seizures under sanctions law, speeding up the process and complementing the time limit proposed in Bill C-219.
  • Bill S-214 has already passed third reading in the Senate, and the committee should consider adding it to the bill under study.

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Bill S-212 In progress

National Strategy for Children and Youth Act

This bill requires the federal government to create a national strategy for children and youth in Canada, setting out a coordinated plan to improve the well-being of young Canadians.

What it means for you

The federal government would be legally required to develop and follow a plan focused on the health, safety, and opportunities available to children and youth across Canada.

EconomicGovernance
No debate summary yet — we'll add the for/against once this bill is debated.
Bill C-241 2nd reading · Senate

National Strategy on Flood and Drought Forecasting Act

Requires the government to develop a national strategy for flood and drought forecasting, including improved data collection, early warning systems, and coordination between federal, provincial, and municipal governments.

What it means for you

If you live in a flood- or drought-prone area, you could get earlier warnings and better-prepared local governments. Aims to prevent disasters like the BC floods and prairie droughts by investing in forecasting infrastructure.

GovernanceEnvironmental
The debate · 6 points

Supporters say

  • BC atmospheric rivers and prairie droughts have caused billions in damages — earlier warnings and coordinated response could prevent much of that harm.
  • federal, provincial, and municipal governments currently operate separate, incompatible forecasting systems; a national strategy forces coordination.
  • committee heard testimony from housing and infrastructure experts confirming that better flood modelling would help identify which properties and infrastructure are most at risk.

Critics say

  • the Bloc Québécois voted against the bill at second reading, arguing land use and flood management are provincial responsibilities.
  • Environment and Climate Change Canada already operates national weather and flood forecasting services — critics question whether a separate strategy adds value.
  • a PMB can direct the government to create a strategy but cannot allocate the funding or staff needed to implement it effectively.
Bill S-237 Awaiting 1st reading · Senate

Cities and Municipalities Day Act

This bill would establish an official 'Cities and Municipalities Day' in Canada to recognize the role that cities and towns play in Canadians' daily lives.

What it means for you

Canadians would have a designated day each year to celebrate and acknowledge the importance of their local governments and communities.

GovernanceIdentity
No debate summary yet — we'll add the for/against once this bill is debated.
Bill C-34 In committee · Commons

Safe Social Media Act

Creates new rules requiring social media platforms and chatbot services to protect users — especially children — from harmful online content, and establishes a new federal watchdog called the Digital Safety Commission of Canada to enforce those rules.

What it means for you

Social media companies would have to limit children's access to pornographic content, give users tools to block and report harmful posts, and label AI-generated content — with a new federal commission able to order platforms to remove images that sexually exploit children or were shared without consent.

Governance
The debate · 6 points

Supporters say

  • The bill would require social media services to keep children under 16 from having accounts, shielding young people from harmful online content.
  • Supporters point to research linking algorithmic feeds, autoplay and endless scrolling to rising anxiety and depression among young people.
  • The bill would require platforms to assess how their designs may encourage harmful content and to publish what they find. It would also require them to share user and activity data with independent researchers, and it would cover AI chatbots as well as social media.

Critics say

  • Critics argue the bill would erode Canadians' rights and limit democratic participation, and that it was rushed through with limited debate.
  • Most harmful content would stay online. The bill requires risk assessments and transparency, but mandatory takedowns apply only to non-consensual intimate images and child sexual abuse material.
  • Penalties are too weak. The bill says penalties aim to promote compliance rather than punish, and critics want strict liability and personal liability for company directors.